Colorectal cancer (also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer or rectal cancer) is often considered a disease of older adults, but that might not be the case for much longer.
Colorectal cancer cases are on the rise among younger adults. In fact, a report by the American Cancer Society (ACS) shows rates in people under age 55 have nearly doubled since 1995. While the cause of this significant jump is mostly unknown, we do know understanding risk factors and early detection can help slow and possibly reverse this concerning trend.
Risk factors for colorectal cancer
Lifestyle
A sedentary lifestyle and a diet high in processed foods and low in fiber-rich fruits and vegetables can increase your risk.
Gut Health
Changes in the composition of your gut microbiome can lead to inflammation and metabolic changes. These changes may contribute to the development of colorectal cancer, including early onset cases.
Chronic inflammation, often driven by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, can also increase your risk.
Genetic Factors
Most cases of early onset colorectal cancer do not have a genetic link. However, certain hereditary conditions, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), significantly raise your risk of developing colorectal cancer at a younger age.
Steps to reduce your risk
While the rising incidence of colorectal cancer among younger adults is concerning, you can take steps to reduce your risk:
Adopt a healthy lifestyle: Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins. Incorporate regular physical activity into your daily routine.
Understand the warning signs: Recognize the warning signs of colorectal cancer. While symptoms may vary, some of the warning signs include rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, iron deficiency anemia and fatigue.
Regular screening: The ACS and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force now recommend you start screening at age 45. If you have a family history or other risk factors, you may benefit from screening at an even earlier age. Discuss screening options with your health care provider to decide the right approach.
By adopting healthy habits and staying vigilant about risk factors and warning signs, you can reduce your risk of colorectal cancer and improve your long-term health.
