By Kelly Flaucher, BS, RT(R)(M)(CN-BI)
MercyOne Waterloo Breast Center
A mammogram is still the gold standard in breast imaging to look at tissue of the breast.
Receiving your annual mammogram is the best practice to detect breast cancer. However, there are key differences between different types of mammograms: diagnostic and screening.
Different types of mammograms
There are two main types of mammograms to detect breast cancer.
Diagnostic mammograms
Diagnostic mammograms are performed when anyone is experiencing a symptom or concern in the breast. Multiple images are taken and reviewed by a radiologist at the appointment. This mammogram can be checked with insurance on coverage and deductible.
Watch for symptoms including:
- Lumps.
- Pain in one or both breasts.
- Nipple discharge.
- Thickening of the skin on your breasts.
- Swelling.
- Redness.
- Any changes in the size or shape of your breasts.
Screening mammograms
Screening mammograms are annual preventive screenings for women ages 40 years or older with no symptoms of breast cancer. Two images of each breast are taken and reviewed by a radiologist after the exam. This mammogram is covered by health insurance.
During either a screening mammogram or diagnostic mammogram, your radiologist may determine that additional imaging is needed. This can include ultrasound, MRI or image-guided breast biopsy.
- Ultrasounds use sound waves to produce an echo and create images of breast tissue to show if an area in the breast is solid or cystic.
- MRI creates a 3D image that provides a clear and detailed image of the breast. MRIs are recommended for women who have dense breasts.
A 3D mammogram (or tomosynthesis) is obtained when the machine moves in an arc around the breast to capture multiple images. A computer imaging program compiles the pictures into a very detailed picture with the ability to look at the inside of the breast slice by slice. This gives the radiologist a more in-depth look at the breast.
